ANATOMY OF A SENTENCE (SUBJECT AND PREDICATE)
The name of a person, place, animal,
or thing we speak about is called subject. What we say about the
subject, is called the Predicate. Now look at the following sentences.
|
Sl.
No |
Subject |
Predicate |
|
1. |
Advik |
learns his lesson |
|
2. |
My uncle |
game me a
present |
|
3. |
The carpenter |
is making a
table |
|
4. |
Our school
Children |
are sometime
naughty |
|
5. |
She |
is hungry |
|
6. |
Exercise |
is good for
health |
|
7. |
The Gardner |
is watering the
plants |
|
8. |
June |
is the hottest month
of the year |
|
9. |
The Cow |
is a domestic
animal |
|
10. |
The hare |
runs fast |
From the above discussion, it is clear
that the part of the sentence which is before the verb (or) helping verb is
called the Subject and remaining part is the Predicate.
Classification of Sentences:
The English sentence is classified
into two types viz. The Affirmative Sentence/Positive Sentence and The Negative
Sentence.
The Affirmative Sentence: This sentence gives positive meaning
in speaking or writing. Ex.
Raju is a teacher. Ramani is clever at studies. I am going to
market.
The Negative Sentence: This sentence gives negative meaning
in speaking or writing. Ex: Raju is not a teacher. Ramani is not clever at
studies. I am not going to market. These sentences consist negatives like not,
no, never, seldom etc.
Types of Sentences:
English has four main sentence types:
1)
Declarative Sentences:
These are used to form statements.
Ends with full stop
Drops in pitch or in intonation in
speech
Gives either right meaning or wrong
meaning
Negative declarative is formed by
using not, no, never.
These sentences consist subject and
predicate
These sentences are formed by using
the following syntax:
<Declarative Sentences> = <subject> +
<predicate>
Ex: Krishna is a good boy. (or) Krishna is
not a good boy.
<subject> = Krishna, <predicate> = is a good
boy.
<subject> = Krishna, <predicate> = is not a
good boy.
2)
Interrogative Sentences:
These are used to form questions.
Ends with question marks
Raises in pitch or in intonation in speech
Interrogatives
are also formed by using declarative sentences. But we must put a question mark
at the end. Ex. He goes to Hyderabad? (Please remember the intonation or pitch
is raised)
Interrogatives
are formed mostly by using Wh-forms (where, what, why, when, which, who, how).
Ex. Where do you live? Why do you waste your time? What is your name? When do
you start?, Who is that talking to you?, How old are you?, Which class do you
study in?
(Here some more examples)
These sentences are formed by using the following syntax.
What, when, where, who, why, which,
who, how (do, does, don’t, doesn’t, did, didn’t) <subject> +
<predicate> + ?
3)
Imperative Sentences:
The word Imperative is derived from
Emperor.
Consist of Predicates only sometime.
Drops tone in speaking.
Terminated with (!) or full stop.
These are requests or orders or
advise.
These are mostly used in instruction,
recipes, and proverbs.
In these sentences the subject is
hidden and it is YOU.
how to reserve a bus ticket. Ex. Go to bus station. Stand in the
queue,
Wait for your turn. Enquiry the
conductor etc… These sentences are formed by using the following syntax.
<imperative sentences> =
<predicate> = <verb>+<compliment>
Ex. Come here. (Order),
Please, take me there (request),
Take medicines regularly (advice)
4)
Exclamatory Sentences:
Express a sudden or strong feeling.
Drops tone in speaking.
Terminated with (!) or full stop.
Most of the Exclamatory sentences
start with what or exclamatory markers like Hurrah, Alas, Oh, Hi,
These sentences are formed by using
the following syntax.
<Exclamatory sentences> = <(What/how)Exclamatory
marker>+<Predicate>
Ex. What a lovely
flower! Hurrah!
We won the match. Alas!
The old man is no more. Please
remember in exclamatory sentences after the exclamatory mark always use CAPITAL
letter.
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