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Saturday, 1 March 2025

GATE 2025- Humanities and Social Sciences- English previous paper

 

GATE 2025- Humanities and Social Sciences- English previous paper (XH-C2)

Organising Institute: IIT Roorkee

 

General Aptitude

Q.1 – Q.5 Carry ONE mark Each

Q.1 Here are two analogous groups, Group-I and Group-II, that list words in their decreasing order of intensity. Identify the missing word in Group-II.

Group-I: Abuse → Insult → Ridicule

Group-II: ________ → Praise → Appreciate

(A)Extol

(B)Prize

(C)Appropriate

(D)Espouse

Answer: A

 

Q.2 Had I learnt acting as a child, I ________ a famous film star.

Select the most appropriate option to complete the above sentence.

(A)will be

(B)can be

(C)am going to be

(D)could have been

Answer: D

 

Q.3 The 12 musical notes are given as 𝐶,𝐶#,𝐷,𝐷#,𝐸,𝐹,𝐹#,𝐺,𝐺#,𝐴,𝐴#,and 𝐵. Frequency of each note is 12√2 times the frequency of the previous note. If the frequency of the note C is 130.8 Hz, then the ratio of frequencies of notes 𝐹# and 𝐶 is:

(A)6√2

(B)√2

(C)4√2

(D)2

Answer: B

 

Q.4 The following figures show three curves generated using an iterative algorithm. The total length of the curve generated after ‘Iteration 𝑛’ is:

Note: The figures shown are representative.


Answer: B

 

Q.5Which one of the following plots represents (𝑥)=−|𝑥|/𝑥, where 𝑥 is a non-zero real number?

Note: The figures shown are representative.

Answer: A

 

Q.6 – Q.10 Carry TWO marks Each

Q. 6 Identify the option that has the most appropriate sequence such that a coherent paragraph is formed:

P.Over time, such adaptations lead to significant evolutionary changes with the potential to shape the development of new species.

Q.In natural world, organisms constantly adapt to their environments in response to challenges and opportunities.

R.This process of adaptation is driven by the principle of natural selection, where favorable traits increase an organism’s chances of survival and reproduction.

S.As environments change, organisms that can adapt their behavior, structure and physiology to such changes are more likely to survive.

(A)P → Q → R → S

(B)Q → S → R → P

(C)R → S → Q → P

(D)S → P → R → Q

Answer: B

 

Q.7 A stick of length one meter is broken at two locations at distances of 𝑏1 and 𝑏2 from the origin (0), as shown in the figure. Note that 0<𝑏1<𝑏2<1. Which one of the following is NOT a necessary condition for forming a triangle using the three pieces?

Note: All lengths are in meter. The figure shown is representative.

(A)𝑏1<0.5

(B)𝑏2>0.5

(C)𝑏2<𝑏1+0.5

(D)𝑏1+𝑏2<1

Answer: D

 

Q.8 Eight students (P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W) are playing musical chairs. The figure indicates their order of position at the start of the game. They play the game by moving forward in a circle in the clockwise direction.

After the 1st round, 4th student behind P leaves the game. After 2nd round, 5th student behind Q leaves the game. After 3rd round, 3rd student behind V leaves the game. After 4th round, 4th student behind U leaves the game. Who all are left in the game after the 4th round?

Note: The figure shown is representative.

(A) P; T; Q; S

(B)V; P; T; Q

(C)W; R; Q; V

(D)Q; T; V; W

Answer: D

 

Q.9 The table lists the top 5 nations according to the number of gold medals won in a tournament; also included are the number of silver and the bronze medals won by them. Based only on the data provided in the table, which one of the following statements is INCORRECT?


(A) France will occupy the third place if the list were made on the basis of the total number of medals won.

(B) The order of the top two nations will not change even if the list is made on the basis of the total number of medals won.

(C) USA and Canada together have less than 50% of the medals awarded to the nations in the above table.

(D) Canada has won twice as many total medals as Japan.

Answer: C

 

Q.10 An organization allows its employees to work independently on consultancy projects but charges an overhead on the consulting fee. The overhead is 20% of the consulting fee, if the fee is up to ₹ 5,00,000. For higher fees, the overhead is ₹ 1,00,000 plus 10% of the amount by which the fee exceeds ₹ 5,00,000. The government charges a Goods and Services Tax of 18% on the total amount (the consulting fee plus the overhead). An employee of the organization charges this entire amount, i.e., the consulting fee, overhead, and tax, to the client. If the client cannot pay more than ₹ 10,00,000, what is the maximum consulting fee that the employee can charge?

(A) ₹ 7,01,438

(B) ₹ 7,24,961

(C) ₹ 7,51,232

(D) ₹ 7,75,784

Answer: B

 

Reasoning and Comprehension (XH-B1)

Q.11– Q.17 Carry ONE mark Each

Q.11 Which one of the following numbers is odd one out?

31541                   42651                    53791                    64871                    75981

(A) 31541

(B) 42651

(C) 53791

(D) 75981

Answer: C

 

Q.12 Ankit, Arun, and Ankur have one apple each. Ankur also has one banana. Alam has one mango and one kiwi. Ankit has just bought one pineapple.

Who has the least number of fruit(s)?

(A) Ankit

(B) Arun

(C) Ankur

(D) Alam

Answer: B

 

Q.13 If each vowel in the word RESIDE is changed to its previous letter in the English alphabet and each consonant is changed to the next letter in the English alphabet, which one of the following options will be the third from the right?

(A) T

(B) D

(C) S

(D) H

Answer: D

 

Q.14 Vipul, Ahmad, Santosh, and David are playing Carrom. Vipul and Ahmad are partners sitting opposite to each other. David faces towards South. If Vipul faces towards West, then who faces towards the North?

(A) Alam

(B) Santosh

(C) David

(D) Vipul

Answer: B

 

Q.15 Consider the following sentence.

What the country needs ____ ____ ____ ____ accordingly.

First and last parts of the sentence are given. P, Q, R, and S are the remaining parts of the sentence, not necessarily in that order.

P: and change tactics

Q: who would encourage players

R: are coaches and officials

S: to read the game as it progresses

Which one of the following options is correct that gives the most appropriate order and meaning to the sentence?

(A) QSPR

(B) RQSP

(C) RQPS

(D) SPRQ

Answer: B

 

Q.16 A car started from city P at 9.40am. The time taken for the car to reach the city Q is 4 hours and 50 minutes.

The time of arrival of the car at city Q is

(A) 15:10 Hours

(B) 14:20 Hours

(C) 14:30 Hours

(D) 14:10 Hours

Answer: C

 

Q.17 P is three years younger than R but one year older than S.

S is one year older than Q but 4 years younger than R.

R is 15 years old.

The age of Q is ____ years (answer in integer).

Answer: 10 to 10

 

Q.18 – Q26 Carry TWO marks Each

Q.18 In a certain code language, ATTITUDE is written as TAUJUEDU and CHILDREN is written as HCJMENER.

How LANGUAGE is written in that code language?

(A) ALOHVEGA

(B) ALHOVAGA

(C) LAVOHEGA

(D) ALHOVGEA

Answer: A

 

Q.19 The table shows the data of 450 candidates who appeared in the examination of three subjects – Social Science, Mathematics, and Science.

(A) 48

(B) 162

(C) 390

(D) 425

Answer: C

 

Q.20 If × means +, + means ÷, − means ×, and ÷ means −,

then 8 × 7 − 8 + 40 ÷ 2 =

(A) 3 8/5

(B) 7 2/5

(C) 2 7/5

(D) 8 3/5

Answer: B

 

Q.21 Given a series 5, 8, 11, 14, …

If the nth term of the given series is 320, then n (where, n ≥ 1) is

(A) 104

(B) 105

(C) 106

(D) 107

Answer: C

 

Q.22 Suppose, your last year taxable income was Rs. 22000. Due to hike in salary, your taxable income this year is Rs. 34200. The details for tax calculation are given in the table below.


Consider the appropriate tax slab corresponding to your income. What is the additional amount of tax you need to pay this year compared to last year?

(A) 1970

(B) 1060

(C) 910

(D) 420

Answer: B

 

Q.23 Anand, Hari, and Chris are engaged in one of the three type of occupations – clerk, teacher, and plumber, not necessarily in that order. Each person is assigned only one type of occupation. No two or more persons can be assigned same type of occupation. Clerk is Chris’s cousin. Hari lives next door to the plumber. Anand, who knows more facts than the teacher, has to drive more than 1 hour to reach Hari’s home. Identify each of the person’s correct type of occupation, and accordingly, which one of the following options is correct?

(A) Anand is teacher and Chris is clerk.

(B) Hari is clerk and Anand is plumber.

(C) Chris is teacher and Hari is clerk.

(D) Anand is clerk and Chris is plumber.

Answer: D

 

Q.24 Many countries are facing water shortage crises in the past few years. A report of the United Nation has named India among the worst countries for poor quality of water. The report ranks 122 countries according to the quality of their water as well as their commitment to improve the situation. Some countries in Europe are considered the worst because of the quality of its ground water. Rain failed in some parts of India in the past. The vast areas of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh were affected by severe drought. People without water turn desperate and violent. Consequently, the food godowns were attacked in some of the states.

Based on the details given in the passage, which of the following option(s) is/ are correct statement(s)?

(A) There is no proof that India is affected by poor quality of water.

(B) A few European countries are suffering due to occurrence of drought.

(C) Lack of access to water can lead to social unrest.

(D) Intense shortage of water is visible in some states of India.

Answer: C,D

 

Q.25 In the following figure, four overlapping shapes (rectangle, triangle, circle, and hexagon) are given.

The sum of the numbers which belong to only two overlapping shapes is_______.

Answer: 18 to 18

 

Q.26 Consider a square field ABCD. The diagonal AC is 50 meter. The cost of laying grass in the field is Rs. 5 per square-meter. The total cost for laying grass in the field ABCD is Rs. ________ (rounded off to two decimal places).

Answer:  6100.00  TO  6350.00

 

English

27– Q.44 Carry ONE mark Each

Q.27 Which historical event is mentioned in John Osborne’s Look Back in Anger?

(A) The Boer War

(B) British Imperialism in India

(C) The Bodyline Cricket Series

(D)The Sinking of the Titanic

Answer: B

Explanation: Look Back in Anger (1956) explores the frustration of post-war Britain, particularly through its protagonist, Jimmy Porter, who frequently expresses resentment about British imperial decline, especially India gaining independence in 1947

 

Q.28 “The figure a poem makes. It begins in delight and ends in wisdom.”

These lines were written by ____________.

(A) Henry James

(B) Nathaniel Hawthorne

(C) Sylvia Plath

(D) Robert Frost

Answer: D

Explanation: This is a famous line from Robert Frost’s essay "The Figure a Poem Makes" (1939), where he describes the organic growth of a poem from inspiration to understanding.

 

Q.29 The medieval fabliau is a ________________.

(A) short comic or satiric tale in verse

(B) faculty of the mind distinguished from reason

(C) rough, heavy-footed, and jerky versification

(D) mode of freewheeling narrative

Answer: A

Explanation: 

  • Fabliaux were humorous, often bawdy, short tales written in verse during the medieval period. They satirized the clergy and the bourgeoisie.
  • Example: Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Miller’s Tale in The Canterbury Tales.
  •  

    Q.30 Which one of the following options correctly matches the texts with their authors?

    a. The Lay of the Last Minstrel    i. Samuel Taylor Coleridge

    b. “The Eolian Harp”                        ii. Thomas De Quincey

    c. “Ode to Psyche”                          iii. John Keats

    d. “The Pains of Opium”                iv. Sir Walter Scott

    (A) a-i, b-iv, c-iii, d-ii

    (B) a-iv, b-i, c-iii, d-ii

    (C) a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i

    (D) a-iii, b-ii, c-i, d-iv

    Answer: B

    Explanation: 

  • The Lay of the Last MinstrelSir Walter Scott
  • "The Eolian Harp"Samuel Taylor Coleridge
  • "Ode to Psyche"John Keats
  • "The Pains of Opium"Thomas De Quincey
  •  

    Q.31 Who among the following were the Cavalier Poets?

    (A) Robert Herrick

    (B) George Herbert

    (C) Richard Lovelace

    (D) Andrew Marvell

    Answer: A,C

    Explanation: 

  • Cavalier poets were supporters of King Charles I and wrote about love, nature, and loyalty.
  • Robert Herrick (To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time), Richard Lovelace (To Althea, from Prison) were key figures.
  • George Herbert and Andrew Marvell were associated with Metaphysical poetry.
  •  

    Q.32 Which of the following line(s) has/have been excerpted from W. B. Yeats’ writings?

    (A) Consume my heart away; sick with desire/And fastened to a dying animal/It knows not what it is

    (B) What we call the beginning is often the end/And to make an end is to make a beginning

    (C) Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world/The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere/The ceremony of innocence is drowned

    (D) Lay your sleeping head, my love,/Human on my faithless arm;/Time and fevers burn away/Individual beauty from/Thoughtful children, and the grave/Proves the child ephemeral

    Answer: A,C

    Explanation:

    • (A) "Consume my heart away… It knows not what it is" – from Sailing to Byzantium
    • (C) "Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world…" – from The Second Coming

          (B) and (D) are by other poets:

    • (B) – T.S. Eliot (Four Quartets)
    • (D) – W.H. Auden (Lullaby)

     

    Q.33 Who of the following were suffragettes?

    (A) Emmeline Pankhurst

    (B) Mary Wollstonecraft

    (C) Emily Davison

    (D) Florence Nightingale

    Answer: A,B,C

    Explanation: 

  • Emmeline Pankhurst and Emily Davison were British suffragettes who fought for women’s voting rights.
  • Mary Wollstonecraft, though not a suffragette, was an early feminist advocating women’s rights (A Vindication of the Rights of Woman).
  • Florence Nightingale was a nurse and social reformer, not a suffragette.
  •  

    Q.34 Which of the following narrative(s) has/have an intrusive narrator?

    (A) Tom Jones

    (B) “The Killers”

    (C) War and Peace

    (D) “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place”

    Answer: A,C

    Explanation: 

  • An intrusive narrator directly addresses the reader and provides commentary.
  • Henry Fielding’s Tom Jones and Tolstoy’s War and Peace use this technique.
  • Hemingway’s short stories (The Killers, A Clean, Well-Lighted Place) use minimal narration.

  • Q.35 Which among the following is/are synonymous with vibhāva (determinant) in the rasa theory?

    (A) kāraṇa (cause)

    (B) nimitta (instrument)

    (C) hetū (reason)

    (D) pariṇāma (outcome)

    Answer: A.B.C

    Explanation:

  • Vibhāva refers to elements that stimulate a particular emotion.
  • It is equivalent to cause (kāraṇa), instrument (nimitta), and reason (hetū) in Indian aesthetics.

  • Q.36 Who among the following thinker(s) viewed imagination as a faculty that unites what we receive through our senses with the concepts of our understanding?

    (A) Plato

    (B) Horace

    (C) Immanuel Kant

    (D) Samuel Taylor Coleridge

    Answer: C,D

    Explanation: 

  • Kant: Defined imagination as synthesizing sense data and concepts.
  • Coleridge: Distinguished between "primary" and "secondary" imagination in Biographia Literaria.
  • Plato and Horace had different views on imagination.

  • Q.37 Which of the following characteristic(s) is/are associated with the epic?

    (A) High seriousness

    (B) Description of athletic contests or games

    (C) Beginning the story in the beginning of the action

    (D) Brief and easy journeys made by the hero

    Answer: A,B

    Explanation: 

  • Epics exhibit high seriousness (A) and often include athletic contests (B), as seen in The Iliad and The Aeneid.
  • (C) and (D) are incorrect – epics often start in medias res rather than at the beginning, and journeys are long and arduous.
  •  

    Q.38 Who among the following is/are NOT connected with the ‘race turn’ in the USA?

    (A) W. E. B. Du Bois

    (B) Stuart Hall

    (C) Frederic Jameson

    (D) Alain Locke

    Answer: B,C

    Explanation: 

  • W. E. B. Du Bois and Alain Locke were key figures in the 'race turn' – intellectual movements focusing on race in America.
  • Stuart Hall (British cultural theorist) and Fredric Jameson (Marxist critic) did not primarily engage with this concept.

  • Q.39 Which is/are the special skill(s) associated with Harry Potter in J. K. Rowling’s novel series?

    (A) Wizardry

    (B) Rugby

    (C) Quidditch

    (D) Bridge

    Answer: A,C

    Explanation: 

  • Wizardry – Harry is a wizard.
  • Quidditch – He plays as a Seeker for Gryffindor.
  • (B) Rugby and (D) Bridge are unrelated.
  •   

    Q.40 Which of the following work(s) is/are NOT written by Anita Desai?

    (A) Hullabaloo in the Guava Orchard

    (B) Diamond Dust

    (C) Games at Twilight

    (D) All About H. Hatterr

    Answer: A.D

    Explanation: 

  • Anita Desai’s works: Diamond Dust, Games at Twilight.
  • Hullabaloo in the Guava Orchard was written by Kiran Desai (her daughter).
  • All About H. Hatterr was written by G.V. Desani.
  •  

    Q.41 Which of the following work(s) may be described as Lad Lit?

    (A) Nick Hornby’s Fever Pitch

    (B) Jane Austen’s Emma

    (C) John King’s The Football Factory

    (D) Jennifer Egan’s Visit from the Goon Squad

    Answer: A,C

    Explanation:

     "Lad Lit" refers to literature that focuses on the experiences of young men, often centering around themes of relationships, sports, and male camaraderie.

    • Nick Hornby’s Fever Pitch is a memoir about football fandom.
    • John King’s The Football Factory explores football hooliganism.
    • Emma by Jane Austen and Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan do not fall under this category.

     

    Q.42 Who among these colonial administrators is/are Orientalist(s)?

    (A) Nathaniel Brassey Halhed

    (B) Sir William Jones

    (C) Charles Grant

    (D) John Gilchrist

    Answer: A,B,D

    Explanation:

    Orientalists were scholars and colonial administrators who studied and promoted Eastern languages and cultures:

    • Nathaniel Brassey Halhed and Sir William Jones worked extensively on Indian languages and texts.
    • John Gilchrist helped establish Hindustani as a formal language.
    • Charles Grant was more evangelical and critical of Indian traditions rather than being an orientalist.

     

    Q.43 Which of the following is/are the pre-romantic current(s) that contributed to the evolution of Romanticism?

    (A) Graveyard poetry

    (B) Picaresque novel

    (C) The Sturm und Drang phase

    (D) Pre-Raphaelite poetry

    Answer: A.C

    Explanation:

  • Graveyard Poetry (e.g., Thomas Gray’s Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard) reflected themes of melancholy and nature, prefiguring Romanticism.
  • The Sturm und Drang phase was a German literary movement emphasizing intense emotions, influencing Romanticism.
  • Picaresque novels were more about rogue adventurers, and Pre-Raphaelite poetry came much later.
  •  

    Q.44 Which of these works is/are NOT written by Dryden?

    (A) Astrea Redux

    (B) Aureng-Zebe

    (C) The Way of the World

    (D) Short View of the Immortality and Profaneness of the English Stage

    Answer: C,D

    Explanation:

      • The Way of the World was written by William Congreve.
      • Short View of the Immorality and Profaneness of the English Stage was by Jeremy Collier, a critic of Restoration drama.
      • Astrea Redux and Aureng-Zebe were written by John Dryden.

     

    Q.45 – Q.65 Carry TWO marks Each

    Q.45 Match the following estimates of Shakespeare with their authors:

    a) We must have admitted that Shakespeare possessed the chief if not all the requisites of a poet namely, deep feeling and exquisite sense of beauty, both as exhibited to the eye in combination of form, and to the ear in sweet and appropriate melody.

    b) It may seem a paradox, but I cannot help being of opinion that the plays of Shakespeare are less calculated for performance on stage than those of almost any other dramatist whatever.

    c) He was the man who of all modern, and perhaps ancient poets, had the largest and most comprehensive soul.

    d) Others abide our question. Thou art free./ We ask and ask—Thou smilest and art still,/ Out-topping knowledge.

    i. John Dryden

    ii. Matthew Arnold

    iii. Charles Lamb

    iv. S. T. Coleridge

    (A) a-iv, b-iii, c-i, d-ii

    (B) a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv

    (C) a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii

    (D) a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i

    Answer: A

    Explanation: 

  • Coleridge (a-iv) praised Shakespeare’s poetic genius.
  • Charles Lamb (b-iii) argued that Shakespeare’s plays were better read than performed.
  • Dryden (c-i) praised Shakespeare’s broad intellectual capacity.
  • Matthew Arnold (d-ii) emphasized Shakespeare’s timeless quality.
  •  

    Q.46 Which prestigious literary prize has historical ties to a colonial business enterprise subsequently associated with engineering, shipping, and rum marketing?

    (A) The Commonwealth Prize

    (B) The Pulitzer Prize

    (C) The Man Booker Prize

    (D) The Nobel Prize

    Answer: C

    Explanation: 

    • The Man Booker Prize has historical links to Booker McConnell, a company involved in sugar plantations in the Caribbean.

     

    Q.47 “Good name in man and woman, dear my lord,/Is the immediate jewel of their souls/Who steals my purse steals trash; ‘tis something, nothing;/‘Twas mine, ‘tis his, and has been slave to thousands.”

    These lines are from ________________.

    (A) The Duchess of Malfi

    (B) Dr Faustus

    (C) Othello

    (D) Macbeth

    Answer: C

    Explanation: These lines are spoken by Iago in Othello, warning about the value of reputation.

     

    Q.48 “I saw on that ivory face the expression of sombre pride, of ruthless power, of craven terror—of an intense and hopeless despair. . . . He cried in a whisper at some image, at some vision—he cried out twice, a cry that was no more than a breath:

    ‘The horror! The horror!’”

    Which political and existential condition can be inferred from the above passage in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness?

    (A) The degeneration of the corrupted white man recognizing the moral evil of imperialism

    (B) The state of shock on witnessing the economic disaster and commercial catastrophe suffered by the unnamed Belgian company

    (C) The sense of an ending due to the imminent failure of a new nation state

    (D) The fear of an emerging apocalypse caused by an ecological disaster

    Answer: A

    Explanation: 

    • The horror! The horror! reflects Kurtz’s realization of the moral bankruptcy of imperialism and his own degeneration.

     

    Q.49 “I came to bury Caesar, not to praise him.”

    The literary device employed in this line from Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar is _____.

    (A) Chiasmus

    (B) Paralipsis

    (C) Zeugma

    (D) Anaphora

    Answer: B

    Explanation: Paralipsis is a rhetorical device where the speaker pretends to omit something but actually emphasizes it. Here, Antony claims not to praise Caesar while doing exactly that.

     

    Q.50 “I see now that as the fish Scholopidus in the flood Araris at the waxing of the Moon is as white as the driven snow, and at the waning as black as the burnt coal, so Euphues, which at the first increasing of our familiarity, was very zealous is now at the last cast become most faithless.”

    The literary device employed in the given quote is ____________.

    (A) Euphemism

    (B) Euphony

    (C) Euphuism

    (D) Ekphrasis

    Answer:  C

    Explanation: Euphuism, from Euphues by John Lyly, is a highly ornate style marked by parallelism, alliteration, and elaborate similes.

     

    Q.51 Which among the following work(s) was/were accused of portraying obscenity?

    (A) The Importance of Being Earnest

    (B) The Rainbow

    (C) The Well of Loneliness

    (D) Lady Chatterley’s Lover

    Answer: B,C,D

    Explanation: 

  • The Rainbow (D. H. Lawrence) was banned for sexual themes.
  • The Well of Loneliness (Radclyffe Hall) was censored for its lesbian themes.
  • Lady Chatterley’s Lover (D. H. Lawrence) was famously banned for explicit content.
  • The Importance of Being Earnest was not accused of obscenity
  •  

    Q.52 Which of the following statement(s) is/are true about “The Republic of Orissa: A Page from the Annals of the Twentieth Century,” one of the earliest narrative texts written in English by an Indian?

    (A) It was written by Shoshee Chunder Dutt.

    (B) It depicted resistance against the British led by an English educated youth.

    (C) It was published in 1845.

    (D) In the work, the resistance against the British is provoked by the passing of a Slavery Act by the British in 1916.

    Answer: A,C,D

    Explanation: 

  • Written by Shoshee Chunder Dutt.
  • Published in 1845.
  • Depicts resistance against British rule, linked to a fictional Slavery Act in 1916.
  •  

    Q.53 Alexander Pope produced an edition of Shakespeare in 1725, for which, he was vehemently criticized by the Shakespearean scholars of his time. One of the scholars exposed Pope’s mistakes in his Shakespeare Restored (1726). Pope retaliated by making this scholar the occupant of the throne of dullness in his The Dunciad.

    Who among the following is/are NOT the Shakespearean scholar(s) alluded to?

    (A) Lewis Theobald

    (B) John Dryden

    (C) Samuel Johnson

    (D) Colley Cibber

    Answer: B,C,D

    Explanation: 

  • Lewis Theobald exposed Pope’s errors in Shakespeare Restored.
  • Dryden, Johnson, and Cibber were not directly involved in this controversy.
  •  

    Q.54 Which of the following characteristic(s) is/are associated with Renaissance Humanism?

    (A) It emphasized the dignity and central position of human beings in the universe.

    (B) It denied the importance of studying classical, imaginative and philosophical literature.

    (C) It insisted on the ordering of human life on the principles of reason as opposed to the instinctual appetites and animal passions.

    (D) It incorporated the concepts and ideals inherited from pagan antiquity into the frame of the Christian creed.

    Answer: A,C,D

    Explanation: 

  • Focused on human dignity and reason.
  • Emphasized classical studies rather than rejecting them.
  •  

    Q.55 Which of the following statement(s) is/are true of Queer Theory?

    (A) Queer theorists do not view sexuality as disengaged from gender and from the binary opposition of male and female.

    (B) Queer theorists rely on postmodern concepts as gender ambivalence, ambiguity, and multiplicity of identities.

    (C) Queer theorists have sought to create a public that includes self-identified gays, lesbians, bisexuals, and the transgenders.

    (D) Queer theorists use the word ‘queer’ for its shock value as well as for its sense of playfulness and its wrenching sense of recontextualization.

    Answer: B,C,D

    Explanation: 

  • Rejects fixed sexual identities.
  • Engages postmodern ideas of fluid identity.
  • Uses ‘queer’ for subversion and playfulness.
  •  

    Q.56 Which of the following statement(s) is/are true regarding Elaine Showalter’s essay “A Literature of Their Own”?

    (A) Showalter argued that a canon of women authors does exist.

    (B) Showalter observed that in the Feminine phase (1840-1880), women authors mostly imitated the male authors’ models.

    (C) Showalter observed the Feminist phase which began in the 1880s and 1890s is the period when women authors rebelled against prevalent patriarchal attitudes.

    (D) Showalter observed that the Female phase which began from the latter half of the twentieth century is marked by the women authors’ disavowal of sexuality as the possible source of creativity.

    Answer: A,B,C

    Explanation: 

  • Defined the Feminine, Feminist, and Female phases in women's literature.
  • Rebelling against patriarchal norms was part of the Feminist phase.
  • The Female phase embraced women’s unique voices, rather than rejecting sexuality.
  •  

    Q.57 Which of the following statement(s) is/are INCORRECT regarding post-colonial feminism?

    (A) It emphasizes cultural difference between women.

    (B) It dismisses the cultural relativism of women’s experience.

    (C) It believes that the spiritual constitutes an important aspect of women’s lives.

    (D) It does not extend black feminism’s concerns to address the experiences and oppression of women hailing from other cultural, national and geo-political locations.

    Answer: B,D

    Explanation: 

  • Acknowledges cultural differences in feminism.
  • Extends Black feminism beyond racial boundaries
  •  

    Q.58 “I have read translations of the most celebrated Arabic and Sanscrit works. I have conversed both here and at home with men distinguished by their proficiency in the Eastern tongues. I am quite ready to take the Oriental learning at the valuation of the Orientalists themselves. I have never found among them who could deny that a single shelf of a good European library was worth the whole native literature of India and Arabia.”

    Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct based on the above excerpt?

    (A) It homogenizes all non-European knowledge systems as one monolithic entity.

    (B) It depicts the colonial perspective where Eastern languages and knowledge systems seem lacking when compared to their Western counterparts.

    (C) It constructs a binary between the East and the West.

    (D) It invokes the library movement around the globe which led to global literacy as a result of the Enlightenment.

    Answer: A,B,C

    Explanation: 

  • Devalues Eastern knowledge.
  • Establishes East vs. West binary.
  •  

    Q.59 “Here was I, the white man with his gun, standing in front of the unarmed native crowd–seemingly the leading actor of the piece; but in reality I was only an absurd puppet pushed to and fro by the will of those yellow faces behind. I perceived in this moment that when the white man turns tyrant it is his own freedom that he destroys. He becomes a sort of hollow, posing dummy, the conventionalised figure of a sahib.”

    What condition(s) is/are illustrated in the above lines from George Orwell’s essay “Shooting an Elephant”?

    (A) Cynicism and existential exhaustion

    (B) Violence and vendetta

    (C) Self-reflexive shame

    (D) Subversive performance

    Answer: A,C

    Explanation: 

  • Existential exhaustion from colonial rule.
  • Shame and self-awareness of the imperialist’s dilemma.
  •  

    Q.60 “I resemble everyone/but myself, and sometimes see/in shop-windows,/despite the well-known laws/ of optics,/the portrait of a stranger,/date unknown,/often signed in a corner/by my father”

    Which state(s) of being is/are illustrated in the above lines from A. K. Ramanujan’s “Self Portraits”?

    (A) Existential alienation

    (B) Anxiety of self, caused by the structures of kinship

    (C) Artistic ecstasy

    (D) Euphoria in the marketplace

    Answer: A,B

    Explanation: 

  • Shows alienation and loss of self.
  • Reflects family and identity struggles.
  •  

    Q.61 Which of the following political position(s) is/are advocated in Ngũgĩ Wa Thiong’O’s work Decolonising the Mind?

    (A) To use the colonizer’s language as a tool for acquiring agency and social mobility

    (B) To do for African languages what Spenser, Milton, and Shakespeare did for English, what Pushkin and Tolstoy did for Russian

    (C) To critique the coercive imposition of the colonizer’s language which alienates colonized subjects from their cultural lived experience

    (D) To mimic the colonizer’s language and acquire a form of complex cosmopolitanism

    Answer: B,C

    Explanation: 

  • Advocates for African languages in literature.
  • Critiques colonizer’s language as a tool of oppression.
  •  

    Q.62 Which of the following novels has/have been written by the novelist who also wrote A Goddess Named Gold?

    (A)So Many Hungers

    (B)A Bend in the Ganges

    (C)Distant Drum

    (D)He who Rides a Tiger

    Answer: A,D

    Explanation: 

  • So Many Hungers! and He Who Rides a Tiger were written by Bhabani Bhattacharya, who also wrote A Goddess Named Gold.
  •  

    Q.63 Which of the following statement(s) aptly describe(s) the novel, I Shall Not Hear the Nightingale?

    (A)The novel projects a picture of the bestial horrors enacted on the Indo-Pakistan border region during the days of August 1947.

    (B)The novel begins with house-breaking and robbery followed by the murder of the money lender Lala Ram Lal.

    (C)The novel is located in the disturbed pre-Partition period and concentrates on the inner tensions and external movements of a well-to-do Sikh family.

    (D) The novel’s triumph is really the portrait of Sabhrai, Buta Singh’s wife, whose faith in the Guru and in the Adi Granth is unflinching.

    Answer: C,D

    Explanation: 

  • Set in pre-Partition India, focusing on a Sikh family.
  • Sabhrai’s character reflects deep faith.
  •  

    Q.64 In The Importance of Being Earnest Oscar Wilde repeatedly uses the term ‘Bunbury’. It refers to the ___________________.

    (A)witty act of Jack Worthing to invent a fictional brother

    (B)queer strategy of coding transgressive sexual desire

    (C)invention of new bread making technique

    (D)stance of Wilde on the role of criticism

    Answer: A,B

    Explanation: 

  • Jack invents a brother to escape social obligations.
  • Also functions as a coded reference to queerness.
  •  

    Q.65 Who among the following developed the notion of intersubjectivity on which Stanley Fish’s idea of ‘interpretive communities’ rests?

    (A)Friedrich Nietzsche

    (B) Henri Bergson

    (C)Rene Descartes

    (D)Charles Baudelaire

    Answer: A,B

    Explanation: Nietzsche and Bergson influenced the idea that meaning is socially constructed.

     

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