Parts of Speech (Interactive English- Intermediate First Year)

Parts of Speech  

(Interactive English- Intermediate First Year)

I. Read the following passage and identify the part of speech of the each bold word (page no. 99).

There was a farmer who grew superior quality rice. Every year, his rice won prizes in the state competition. Once a newspaper reporter interviewed him and discovered that the farmer shared his seed rice with his neighbours. "How can you afford to share your best seed rice with your neighbours when they are entering their own produce in the competition with yours, each year?" the reporter asked. The farmer replied, "Didn't you know? The wind picks up pollen grains from the ripening paddy and swirls it from field to field. If my neighbours grow inferior, substandard and poor quality rice, cross - pollination will steadily degrade the quality of my produce. If I have to grow good rice I must help my neighbours to grow good rice."

Answers:

1.     ✅ farmer = Noun (person – one who farms)

2.     ✅ grew = Verb (past tense of "grow")

3.     ✅ competition = Noun (an event where people compete)

4.     ✅ interviewed = Verb (past tense – action done by the reporter)

5.     ✅ neighbours = Noun (people)

6.     ✅ with = Preposition (shows relationship between “shared” and “neighbours”)

7.     ✅ produce = Noun (“Produce” is a noun in this context: "their own produce", If it is used like: “They produce crops,” then it's a verb)

8.     ✅ wind = Noun (natural moving air – subject of “picks up”)

9.     ✅ from = Preposition (shows source – “from the ripening paddy”)

10.  ✅ swirls = Verb (present tense verb – subject = wind)

11.  ✅ poor = Adjective (describes the noun “quality rice”)

12.  ✅ steadily = Adverb (modifies the verb “degrade”)

13.  ✅ quality = Noun (refers to the standard of the rice or produce)

14.  ✅ help = Verb (main verb in “I must help my neighbours…”)

II. Identify the Parts of Speech of the underlined words (page no 99, 100)

1. Hyderabad is a historical city.

✅ Historical = Adjective (It describes the noun 'city'.)

2. Children are a source of joy to the parents.

✅ Source=Noun (It's the subject complement identifying what the children are.)

3. Honesty is the best policy.

✅ Honesty=Noun (Abstract noun, subject of the sentence.)

4. We learn many things through observation.

✅ Learn=Verb (It’s the main verb of the sentence.)

5. Since it was raining, he took an umbrella with him.

✅ Since=Conjunction (connects sentences), with= Preposition (relation between him and umbrella)

6. Alas!  the legendary athlete Milkha Singh is dead.

✅Alas! =Interjection (Expresses sorrow.)

7. They themselves interfered in the dispute.

✅ Themselves=Pronoun. (It’s an emphatic/reflexive pronoun.)

8. The boy runs in the park joyfully

✅ Joyfully=adverb (Describes how he runs.)

9. Music draws the attention of everyone.

✅ Everyone=pronoun (Indefinite pronoun)

10. Cricket matches are watched by lakhs of people.

✅ Lakhs= noun (It's a number-noun. Here, it is indicating quantity.)

 

III. Identify the parts of speech of the bold words in the following sentences. (page no. 100)

1. Several writers wrote about education.

✅ Several = Adjective (modifies "writers"), about = Preposition (shows relation to "education")

2. The Hungry dogs are howling.

✅ Hungry=Adjective (modifies "dogs")

3. People eat vegetables across the world.

✅ Vegetables = Noun (object of the verb "eat"), world = Noun (object of the preposition "across")

4. An idea can change a life.

✅ An=Article (indefinite article, modifies "idea")

5. Food is a necessity of life.

✅ Food = Noun (subject), Life = Noun (object of the preposition "of")

6. I invited him to the party.

✅ Him = Pronoun (object of the verb "invited")

7. She is interested in painting.

✅ Interested= adjective ("Interested in" is a common a phrase, combination of adjective + preposition)

8. He completed the whole work successfully.

✅ Whole = Adjective (modifies "work"), Successfully = Adverb (modifies "completed")

9. The woman beside David is my cousin.

✅ beside=Preposition (shows position relative to David)

10. She has two children.

✅ Two=Adjective (numeral adjective modifying "children")

11. Treatment heals wounds.

✅ Treatment = Noun (subject), Wounds = Noun (object)

12. Ah! Don’t say you don’t agree with me.

✅ Ah! =interjection (expresses emotion)

13. Since he was tired, he went to bed early.

✅ Since=Conjunction (joins the reason clause to the main clause)

14. I love singing because it is interesting.

✅ Because=Conjunction (joins the reason clause to the main clause)

15. I can’t be at ease until I wash my face.

✅ Until=Conjunction (joins the reason clause to the main clause)

16. Eureka! I got it.

✅ Eureka! =Interjection (expresses sudden discovery)

17. I like salt and pepper.

✅ And=Conjunction (joins "salt" and "pepper")

18. Have you passed? Congratulations!

✅ Congratulations! = Interjection (used to express praise)

19. Make hay while the sunshine.

✅ while= Conjunction (subordinating conjunction, introduces a time clause)

20. Wake up early so that you can study.

✅ Early = Adverb (modifies "wake up")

21. What is the result of that kind of schooling?

✅ Schooling=Noun (object of the preposition "of")

22. I cannot answer that question.

✅ Answer=Verb (main verb of the sentence)

23. Each individual who wishes to succeed must get that kind of discipline.

✅ wishes=Verb (main verb in the relative clause "who wishes...")

24. Such persons are surely undesirable.

✅ Surely=Adverb (modifies the adjective "undesirable")

IV. Identify the parts of speech of the following underlined words. (page no. 101)

1. Do you (1) think, literacy (2) is a harbinger (3) of restlessness, fear (4), frustration? Is it (5) Adam (6) and (7) Eve eating the Tree (8) of (9) knowledge, all (10) over again?

Answers:

1.      ✅you = Pronoun

(Subject pronoun in the question "Do you think...?")

2.      ✅literacy = Noun

(Name of a concept — the ability to read/write)

3.      ✅harbinger = Noun

(A noun meaning ‘a forerunner’ or ‘sign’)

4.      ✅fear = Noun

(Listed with other abstract nouns — restlessness, frustration)

5.      ✅it = Pronoun

(Refers back to "literacy" or the idea being discussed)

6.      ✅Adam = Proper Noun

(Name of a person — Biblical figure)

7.      ✅and = Conjunction

(Joins "Adam" and "Eve")

8.      ✅tree = Noun

(Common noun — physical object)

9.      ✅of = Preposition

(Shows relationship: "tree of knowledge")

10.   ✅all = Adverb  

(Modifies "over again" — as in "all over again")

 

2. Although (1) Thimmakka did not receive (2) a formal (3) education, her (4) work (5) has been honoured (6) with (7) the National (8) Citizen’s award (9) of (10) India.

Answers:

1.     ✅Although = Conjunction

(Introduces a dependent clause: "Although Thimmakka did not receive...")

2.     ✅receive = Verb

(Main verb of the clause: "did not receive")

3.     ✅formal = Adjective  

(Describes "education")

4.     ✅her = Pronoun  

(Here, “her” modifies a noun and functions like an ‘possessive adjective’, But ‘her’ is a pronoun. It is called as ‘possessive determiner’ in modern grammar)

5.     ✅work = Noun
(The thing being honoured)

6.     ✅honoured = Verb
(Past participle used in the passive construction: "has been honoured")

7.     ✅with = Preposition
(Shows the relation: honoured with the award)

8.     ✅National = Adjective
(Describes "Citizen’s award")

9.     ✅award = Noun
(Object given as honour)

10.  ✅of = Preposition
(Shows relation: "award of India")

 

3. I had (1) a moment (2) of (3) mixed joy (4) and anguish, when (5) my mind (6) took over. It (7) raced well (8) ahead of my body and (9) drew my body compellingly (10) forward.

Answers:

1.     ✅had = Verb (main verb)

(It's a main verb here, not an auxiliary verb.)

2.     ✅moment = Noun

(Refers to a specific point in time.)

3.     ✅of = Preposition

(Shows the relationship: "moment of joy and anguish.")

4.     ✅joy = Noun

(Abstract noun, paired with “anguish”).

5.     ✅when = Conjunction

(“When” introduces a subordinate clause “when my mind took over”)

6.     ✅mind = Noun

(The subject of the clause “my mind took over.”)

7.     ✅it = Pronoun

(Refers back to "mind.")

8.     ✅well = Adverb

(Modifies the verb “raced” → “raced well ahead”)

9.     ✅and = Conjunction

(Connects two verbs: “raced” and “drew.”)

10.  ✅compellingly = Adverb

(Modifies the verb “drew.”)

 

4. Box: stop! (1) can you (2) inform (3) me who (4) the individual (5) is that I invariably (6) encounter (7) going downstairs when I am coming up (8), and (9) coming upstairs (10) when I am going down?

Answers:

1.     ✅ Stop = Interjection

(used to command attention or halt)

2.     ✅ you = Pronoun

(subject of "can you inform")

3.     ✅ inform = Verb

(main verb of the question)

4.     ✅ who = Pronoun

(interrogative pronoun in reported clause)

5.     ✅ individual = Noun

(refers to a person)

6.     ✅ invariably = Adverb

(modifies "encounter")

7.     ✅ encounter = Verb

(main verb in the clause "who...encounter")

8.     ✅ up = Adverb

(modifies "coming," shows direction)

9.     ✅ and = Conjunction

(connects "coming up" and "coming downstairs")

10.  ✅ upstairs = Adverb

(shows direction/place of movement)

5. Ah! (1), Then you (2) mean to say that this (3) gentleman’s smoke (4), instead of emulating example of all (5) the sort of (6) smoke, and (7) going up the chimney, thinks (8) proper to affect a singularity (9) by taking the contrary (10) direction.

Answers:

1.     ✅ Ah! = Interjection

(Expresses a sudden emotion or reaction; surprise, realization, etc.)

2.     ✅ you = Pronoun

(Refers to the person being addressed; subject of "you mean")

3.     ✅ this = Adjective

(Modifies the noun “gentleman’s smoke”)

4.     ✅ smoke = Noun

(here it's clearly a noun, the subject)

5.     ✅ all = Pronoun

(Refers to “all the sort of smoke”; it stands in for a group or type)

6.     ✅ of = Preposition

(Shows the relation between "example" and "all")

7.     ✅ and = Conjunction

(Joins two actions/phrases: "emulating... and going up...")

8.     ✅ thinks = Verb

(Main verb of the clause: “smoke thinks proper…”)

9.     ✅ singularity = Noun

(Refers to an unusual or unique behavior)

10.  ✅ contrary = Adjective

      (Describes "direction", What kind of direction? A contrary one.)

5. Identify the parts of speech of the bold words in the following sentences. (Read page 101)

1.     I asked my biology teacher what I should do to save it.

✅ what = Pronoun (interrogative; object of “should do”)

2.     From his talk, it seems studies were an ancillary subject; and living and experiencing the major subject.

✅ talk = Noun (refers to his speech)
✅ ancillary = Adjective (describes the noun “subject”)

3.     And she was cross.

✅ And = Conjunction (joins this sentence with the previous one)

4.     Papa, that’s what happens in my craft and drawing class.

✅ what = Pronoun (used as a subject complement here)

5.     Anyway, papa, do you know where I lost that quarter mark that brought about my fall.

✅ where = Conjunction *(introduces a noun clause: “where I lost...”)
✅ quarter = Adjective *(modifies “mark”)
✅ fall = Noun (here, “fall” refers to failure, so it's a noun)

6.     Thimmakka could not go to school due to poverty and lack of facilities.

✅ lack = Noun (refers to absence/shortage)

7.     The decision was my alone.

✅ alone = Adjective ("alone" functions as an adjective modifying “my”. Remember: Adverb: Modifies a verb; Adjective: Describes a noun or pronoun)

8.     The attempt was on.

✅ attempt = Noun (subject of the sentence)

9.     My knowledge of pace deserted me.

✅ deserted = Verb (main verb of the sentence)

10.  A voice shouting ‘relax’ penetrated into me above the noise of the crowd.

✅ above = Preposition (shows position in relation to “noise”)

11.  There was no pain, only a great unity of movement and aim.

✅ only = Adverb (modifies “a great unity” — restrictively)

12.  The world seemed to stand still or did not exist.

✅ still = Adverb (modifies “stand”)

13.  The noise in my ears was that of the faithful Oxford crowd.

✅ that = Pronoun (stands for “noise”)

14.  There were only fifty yards more.

✅ more = Adjective (It modifies “yards,” so it is an adjective)

15.  I felt like an exploded flashlight with no will to live.

✅ will = Noun (refers to the mental/emotional drive)

16.  Well, wonders will never cease.

      ✅ well = Interjection (used to begin a statement with emotion or hesitation)