Tribal Welfare Residential Degree College (M) Maripeda
(Affiliated to Kakatiya University)
B.A /B.Com/B.Sc/BBA under CBCS-2019-20
Sub: English (Sem-V) Marks: 60
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Question paper pattern & Model Paper Sem- V
( Internal=15, Written =60, Total=75)
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Instructions:
Don’t forget to write proper question number, before you begin to answer.
Remember Quantity is secondary, Quality of answer is primary.
Never use mother tongue / SMS language.
Maintain good hand writing. It must be legible.
Use side headings if necessary, draw margins.
Use two color pens, blue and black pen to highlight important points.
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Section-A (3 x10 =30)
I.Answer any THREE questions from the following.
Question No.I
1. PARAGRAPH WRITING
(Instead of hints, a Proverb or an Idea may be given.)
Develop the following hints into paragraphs of your own. Give an appropriate title to each paragraph.
1} No shame in failure-everyone fails-from infant trying to stand to conqueror attempting conquest -no mistake, no worthwhile achievement-attitude to failure important- demoralised by failure, no gain-bold resolution leads to victory-be confident, optimistic
ANS:
Failures are the stepping-stones to success.
Failure is nothing to be ashamed of, for there is hardly any person who has not failed in life, not once but many times. From the toddler learning to stand, to the would-be emperor who attempts to conquer some new territory, everyone has to face failure. It has been well said that he who never made a mistake, never achieved anything of great worth. What is important is the way we take our failures. If we get dispirited by failure and give up trying, we can never achieve anything in life. However, if we face our failure boldly and resolve to try again, we are sure to achieve victory in the long run. We must be resolute, confident and optimistic. It is then that our failures will prove to be stepping-stones in our path to achievement.
(Note: Write a suitable Title to the paragraph. Title is mandatory. Ty to begin the paragraph by a TOPIC SENTENCE. A paragraph must have one idea only. Extend the paragraph by adding the sentences which are supporting the topic sentence. Coherence(sequence or logical order) is important in writing a para.)
Click here for more examples on : PRAGRAPH WRITING
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2. NOTE – MAKING
Read the following passage and make notes in INDENTED or DECIMAL STYLE.
(There are six styles of making notes: Linear, Indented, Decimal, Tree Diagram, Mind map & Table format)
Almost all of us have suffered from a headache at some time or the other. For some a headache is a constant companion and life is a painful hell of wasted time.
The most important step to cope with headaches is to identify the type of headache one is suffering from. In tension headaches (two hand headache), a feeling of a tight band around the head exits along with the pain in the neck and shoulders. It usually follows activities such as long stretches driving, typing or sitting on the desks. They are usually short lived but can also last for days or weeks.
A headache is usually caused due to the spinal misalignment of the head, due to the posture. Sleeping on the stomach with the head turn to one side and bending over positions for a long time make it worse.
In migraine headaches, the pains usually on one side of the head may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting irritability and bright spots of flashes of light. This headache is meant worse by activities especially bending. The throbbing pain in the head worsens by noise and light. Certain triggers for migraines may be chocolate, caffeine, smoking or MSU in certain food items. The pain may last eight to twenty-four hours and there may be a hangover for two or three days. Migraines are often produced by an ‘aura’------changes in sight and sensation. There is usually a family migraine.
In a headache, pain originates from the brain but from the irritated nerves of muscles, blood vessels and bones. These head pain signals to the brain which judges the degree of distress and relays it at appropriate sites. The pain sometimes may be referred to sights other than the problem areas. This is known as referred by pain and occurs due to sensation overload. Thus, though, most headache states at the base of the skull referred pain as felt typically behind the eyes.
Factors causing headache are understood but it is known that a shift in the level of body hormones chemicals, certain foods and drinks and environmental stress can trigger them.
If the headache troubles you often, visit the doctor, who will take a full health history relating to diet, life stresses, the type of headache, trigging factors and relief measures. You may be asked to keep a ‘headache diary’ which tells you to list – the time headache started and when it ended, emotional environmental and food and drinking factors which may contribute to it. The type and severity of pain and the medications used which provide much relief are also to be listed. This helps the doctor in determining the exact cause and type of headache and the remedy thereof.
Answer: INDENTED STYLE
a)WELCOME SPEECH
Good morning, one and all. Respected president, honorable guests, dear parents of our students, our beloved teachers, non-teaching staff members, our friends in the media, and my dear friends: we have gathered here today to inaugurate the college cultural association 'Sanskriti.
Our institute not only focuses on offering quality education, but also gives equal importance to extracurricular and co-curricular activities. The cultural association is a platform to encourage the talents of our students and provide opportunities for them to exhibit their many abilities. As vice president of the cultural association, I feel proud to extend a very warm welcome to all of you.
Let me first welcome our beloved principal Professor Akshay who has kindly consented to preside over the function. He has always been a guiding force and an inspiration to us all. I extend Professor RamuRudroju hearty welcome.
We have with us today as chief guest Dr Chandramouli, a popular columnist with the Deccan Herald. He has been kind enough to accept our invitation to inaugurate Sanskriti. Sir, I offer you a hearty welcome.
Our other distinguished invitee, the reputed academic and artist Naveen, requires no introduction. It delights me to offer Professor Naveen a warm welcome.
The ever-supportive parents of our students are here. Our beloved teachers, too, are here to grace this function with their presence. I feel very happy to welcome them all. Media persons have responded to our invitation and are here to cover the proceedings of this function. Thank you for being here.
Finally, let me extend a friendly welcome to all my fellow students. This is your association. I am very sure that this cultural association will contribute towards the development of our personalities and to the development of our college.
Click here for more examples on: Public Speaking
1)
What is the meaning of the word nonagerian?
2)What
is the contribution of Honamma Govindayya?
3)What
is the meaning of the word "Beda" in Kannada?
4)
What is the theme of this paragraph?
5)Write
antonym of "Isolated"?
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Section-B (3 x10 =30)
Answer any THREE questions from the following.
Question No.II (Essay from Prose) Attempt A or B
(Note: Learn any TWO answers out of THREE)
Unit:1- Tolerance is a Moral Virtue (prose) -Rivka T. Witenberg
About
the author: Rivka T. Witenberg (Ph.D.) is a researcher
and a writer. Professionally she is a developmental and cognitive psychologist
who studies the social and moral aspects of tolerance to human diversity. She is the author of “Tolerance: The Glue That Binds Us (2017”) and "The psychology of Tolerance(2019)".
Background of the essay: Man is a social animal. We are depended on many things (we need water, air, food, shelter, company of others etc.,). In India, though we have different cultures, races, castes, customs, religions, traditions and languages, we are one. This oneness is achieved with tolerance. Without Tolerance, we cannot understand the others and achieve unity.
“Unity in diversity is possible with ‘Tolerance’ only”
What
is Tolerance? Tolerance is a Latin word. Some
philosophers termed it negatively as "putting
up with", which means that accept even “we dislike or hate”. We can
say, Tolerance is accepting the things
or people “as it is” without any discrimination. Tolerance is linked with respect, equality and
liberty.
For example, you will continue your friendship with one of your friends who always commit mistakes (not harmful), because you are tolerant to his/her mistakes.
Why
tolerance is a moral value? Rivka. T.Witenberg says that
tolerance is well related with morality. But, psychological researchers found
that Tolerance is mixed up with prejudice. Prejudice
is an idea formed beforehand in one’s mind. The research was based on the
understanding of children's tolerance. She says tolerance must be taught from
school age. Their basic assumption was that absence of prejudice by default is
considered tolerant. Actually, tolerance and prejudice co-exist and are not
opposites to each other.
This idea of Tolerance
as moral virtue has been popularized by philosophers such as John Locke,
J.S.Mill, Baruch Spinoza and others. Tolerance is a moral duty between
individuals irrespective of caste, color and creed. The mutual respect and
values are possible with tolerance. Tolerance solves the conflicts. This moral
view offers a positive approach to understanding the relationship of each other
group of people of different nature placed together.
What is discrimination and indiscrimination?
The one who is tolerant
displays indiscrimination and the one who is intolerant displays
discrimination.
Tolerant people show ---- indiscrimination
Intolerant people show ---- discrimination
For example, you will still serve a person as customary, even if you don’t like the skin color/race of that person. (here, you are indiscriminating(tolerant), but you be discriminating (intolerant) in mind),
Tolerance (Indiscrimination) should have a limit or degree or some level of control. You should not show tolerance (indiscrimination) in all cases, You must be intolerant (show discrimination) in case of any illegal activities or human rights violations or bad practices of society.
For example:
child marriages, assaults on women, superstitions or terrorist activities are
immoral and cannot be tolerated.
How empathy is related to tolerance? Tolerance can be considered as moral virtue. Alternatively, tolerance is to accept "as it is" and without any indiscrimination. It can also be judged as empathy. Empathy is stepping into the shoes of someone. If you are empathetic, you will place yourself in the position of others, and understand the problems of others. This will create bonding and social relations between people from different races, caste, color and creed. It ultimately leads to unity. So we can say, Empathy is the key essence of tolerance.
Conclusion: Though we cannot accurately define tolerance, it is something related to empathy and moral values. The ability of adjusting ourselves to the characters of others (empathy) helps in creating and maintaining relationships. The author opines that some degree of tolerance is mandatory and it should not be beyond legality and social evils such as child marriages and terrorist activities.
OR
Unit:2-When Cities Were Nature’s Haven -Harini Nagendra
About the author: Harini Nagendra is a Professor of Sustainability at Azim Premji University. Her research focuses on social-ecological transformations in South Asia. She received Elinor Ostrom Senior Scholar award (2013) for work on urban commons. She wrote two books: "Nature in the City: Bengaluru in the Past, Present, and Future”, and "Cities and Canopies: Trees in Indian Cities"
Background: We believe that nature and cities are polar opposites. Harini Nagendra says that it is not true in case of Bangalore city in Karnataka which is a best example to show that nature and cities co-exist. She says that the city was considered as coolest and ecologically best.
Introduction: In her book "Nature in the City: Bengaluru in the Past, Present, and Future”, she discussed the ecological history of the city from 6th century. In olden days, we used to describe the landscape of nature in terms of lakes, irrigated land, water resources, trees etc., but now replaced with tall buildings, flyovers in urbanized India. They slowly forget the importance of nature. This essay discusses how the people of Bangalore forgot the importance of nature and they how they recognized it later, and restored the nature. That is the reason we call Bangalore is known as Garden city, IT hub or Lake city.
Declining water resources: There are proofs on the rocks and copper plates on which inscriptions were there about the huge number of lakes and wells, having been existed in Bangalore. In the year 1885, there were 1960 open wells and 50 lakes and ponds. They serve the water needs of the people. The rain water was collected in these lakes during rainy season was used for drinking and irrigational purposes. People worshiped these lakes as God (as Katta Maisamma in Telangana) and prayers/ rituals were conducted.
Tap water system which
was introduced in 1890’s made the people to forget the importance of lakes and
open wells. Due to urbanization, people started dumping garbage, wastage, sewage
and even corps (dead bodies) into these lakes. Slowly these lakes were
converted into bus stands, shopping malls and stadiums (Ex: Sampangi lake was converted into Kanteerava Stadium). Some of the Lakes
were closed which were giving foul smell and breeding mosquitoes.
Citizens nurturing nature: Besides these lakes there were many trees e g: Tamarind, mangoes and jackfruit trees. These were useful as shade to the people giving fruits, furniture and as fuel. This set up of greenish landscape (Gundathope) was common in each house hold. Citizens of Bangalore planted huge number of trees which made the Deccan plateau cool. British Govt. had chosen it as its Army centre. Later it was chosen as IT hub and industrial hub of India. In this way cities and nature co-existed.
Soaring temperatures and rising air pollution: After independence, the growth of population has led to development of roads, building, flyovers etc., As a consequence, huge number of trees were cut down. By this, the temperature of the city rose and heat was experienced. In course of time people have realized the defect in developments and started strengthening movements for stopping such development.
Social media in restoring greenery: A revolution was started by HONNAMMA GOVINDAYYA, a nonagenarian (of 90years age) for saving a children's park. She filed a case in Supreme Court and due to her efforts, this small park was saved. Similarly, when steel flyover was to be constructed by the Govt. a revolution was raised by saying "#Steel fly over Beda" (in Kannada language Beda means not required). Thus, with the help of media and Twitter messages the flyover construction was stopped. The citizens of Bangalore recognized the importance of nature and made the city as "IT Hub or Garden city".
Conclusion: Prof. Nagendra tried to convey that nature and cities co-exist. The link between the nature and people was lost in the early stage of the urbanization, but soon the people of Bangalore realized the importance of nature and restored it. We the human beings can lead a happy life with the existence of nature or greenery only, not with tall buildings or fly-overs.
OR
Unit:3- Why We Love Holiday Rituals and Traditions -Dimitris Xygalatas
About
the author: Dimitris Xygalatas is an
anthropologist with special interest in ritual behavior, and particularly
high-arousal rituals. He has studied at the universities of Thessaloniki,
Aarhus, and Belfast. He received his Ph.D. from the Institute of Cognition and
Culture, at School of History and Anthropology, Queen's University Belfast. His
prime interest in in study of issues that unite the people (rituals,
traditions, celebrations etc.) and that divide the people. (race, caste,
gender, colour etc.)
Introduction: The writer in his present essay on holidays and rituals tried to emphasize the importance of benefits of holidays and rituals in our daily life. Participating in of various celebrations and preparing and enjoying food in a group or family of relatives and friends will remain in our memories for a long time. Besides, such holiday gatherings and connected rituals make us very relaxing and free from day-to-day tensions. This would enable families to unite together and discuss various aspects in each other's life while dining before the table or when all sit together in comfort.
There are three types of celebrations in our life: Personal, Seasonal and Religious.
Benefits of holiday rituals and traditions:
ü Anxiety buffer: Rituals give a
break from day to day tensions and provides an opportunity to meet our friends
and family. Rituals mark some of
important moments in life e.g. Birthdays Annual functions etc. Besides these
rituals can be on important festivals as Christmas or Hanukka (an eight-day
Jewish festival).
ü Gives structure, stability and control in life: Our life is full of uncertanities. We cannot guess the future. We
have no control over the future too. But, these holiday rituals and traditions
gives us a structure, stability and control over the future. We feel happy that
at least these celebrations go as per their plan/guess.
ü Happy meals: No celebration is
complete without special food. While remembering the age-old days of tribes,
the enjoyment of sitting before the fire and enjoying the roasting of the hunt
held on a rod called 'spit-roasting' is most enjoyable. Rituals before meals,
as researchers observed, make the food tastier even if it is very simple and
normal.
ü Children will learn traditions: The
activities of children, during rituals, in preparing food and getting
themselves engaged, create a great Joy. Added to this, exchange of gifts also
plays an important role in the rituals.
ü Travel to new places: These
will also enable us to travel to the place fixed for the community to assemble.
It could be a place of resort holiday home or some tourist spot.
ü Remain in our memory: During
these festivals maximum joy and happiness are experienced with many types of
sounds whistles and noise. These events remain in our memory for long periods
and we enjoy every time we recapitulate.
ü Sharing is caring: Exchange
of gifts gives more pleasure and we remember the moments for a long time.
ü Creates bonding: In the studies
of the author he found that holidays and rituals create more bondage and
generosity among members of the family or community. It creates oneness within
them and increases affinity towards each other.
As per Kahneman's research, when we evaluate the memories, we tend to remember bad and good moments of the days, equally, leaving attention to everything else. In doing so we will be aspiring for next such moments in future.
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Question No.III (Essay from Poetry) Attempt A or B
(Note - Learn any TWO out of THREE)
Unit:1- How Happy is the Little Stone(poem) -Emily Dickinson
About the poet: Emily Dickinson (1830-86) is one of the famous women writers of America. She spent all her life alone and she never got married. She never became famous in her lifetime because she did not publish any poems in her life time. Her themes include loneliness, depression, death and immortality. She frequently uses capital letters (to highlight particular words); and dashes (to indicate pause or break in thought) in her poems. This poem is more cheerful than many of her famous poems.
Background of the poem: Dickinson compares human life to a stone. We the humans face many difficulties and feel stress in day to day life, where as a stone is very happy throughout its life. In 'How happy is the little Stone, the stone stands in as a symbol for ideal happiness and a perfectly designed life without pressures.
Introduction: In the present poem 'How happy is the little Stone' Dickinson gives a human face to a stone. She compares her life to a little stone. All stones on this Earth are happy (we don’t find any stone which is unhappy!) but humans are unhappy.
A little stone rambles from one place to another place without any goal. It doesn’t care about career. No stone wanted to become an officer or entrepreneur or earn money in life. Though they do not have any goal, they are happy. We the humans are obsessed with material world and we set goals every day and yet we are unhappy. It states that people should be happy just being who they are. We must enjoy the time we have on this amazing world.
Stone don’t face any emergencies, it does not fear for anything. In-fact no species on earth is afraid of another species of its kind, but we humans are afraid of other humans in the name of war, power, oppression, and corruption.
All stones are similar in color (elemental brown), but humans have many colors such power, racism, color, creed, religion and many other beliefs. As a chameleon, we often changes our colors (we fight, cheat, steal, kill, harass). We are always dependent on others, but the stone is independent as the Sun. We can’t live alone. We are living in groups, but we always fight.
The stone follows the duties assigned to it, not more than that. As a stone, we are also created to follow the law of god or nature. But we became cleverest animals and started controlling all other animals and nature. We are even trying to change the rules of nature, reach space, creating cloned animals and inventing many new things which are harmful to nature.
Everything in this universe is not ours; it was not solely made for us. We are part of the universe but only a small part. We are just temporary passersby in the limitless and timeless passage of the universe. It's been here long before we ever came along and it will be here long after we are all dead and gone.
Conclusion: In this simple poem, Emily Dickenson compared human life with a stone and tried to convey that we never think about a stone even for a second. While we are walking down a road, we kick the little stone without caring about it. We are all so blind that we just see what we want to see and not what's really there. So, she advises us to see the world from a different perspective and lead a happy life.
The stones are happy because they don’t have life goals, they never fear in emergencies, they don’t change colors and they follow the rules of universe. But, we feel our life stressed; we always fear; we change our colors; we don’t obey the rules of the world; that is the reason, we are so unhappy.
VIDEO LINK: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v33Lda3Cj2Q
OR
Unit:2- Where the Mind is Without Fear -Rabindranath Tagore
About the poet: Rabindranath Tagore was renowned Bengali poet, novelist, educationist and playwright, popularly known as “Kabiguru”. His writings convey sympathy for the poor and uphold universal human values. He wrote many Poems and plays. Gitanjali (Song Offerings), Gora (Fair-Faced) and Ghare-Baire (The Home and the World) are his best-known works. He is the first Non-European to win Noble Prize in the year 1913. He penned two national anthems: India's “Jana Gana Mana…” and Bangladesh's “Amar Shonar Bangla...”. Our National Anthem was taken from his collection of Poems Gitanjali.
Background: “Where the mind is Without Fear (often called as poem 35)” by Rabindranath Tagore is one of his vastly read and discussed poems. It was originally composed in Bengali possibly in 1900 under the title "Prarthana", meaning prayer. It appeared in the volume called 'Naibedya' in 1901. Later in 1911 Tagore himself translated the Bengali poem into English and that translation appeared as poem 35 in his Nobel winning anthology "Gitanjali" (Song Offerings) published by the Indian Society, London in 1912.
Introduction: The poem was written by Tagore during the time when India was under the British Rule and people were eagerly waiting to get their freedom. It is a prayer to the Almighty (god) for a nation free from any kind of manipulative or corrupt powers. This poem is a reflection of the poet's good and ideal nature. It is the vision of the poet. He wanted to see his country free.
He has utmost faith in God. He prays to God with all his heart that he should guide the countrymen to work hard, speak the truth, and move forward and logical in approach. Rabindranath Tagore aspires to see his country and people in peace and prosper. He loves his country a lot and wishes for its welfare.
“Where the Mind is Without Fear” turns from a religious to a patriotic theme. Tagore prays for the freedom of the country and that too an ideal freedom. He prays that his country become a place where man can go with his mind, free of any fear and where he can hold his head high with self-respect and dignity. A country where everybody has free access to knowledge and where narrow boundaries set up between man due to caste, creed, region and religion, do not exist and the country is therefore not broken up into small pieces. The poet pray God that he wants to see a new and free India where people speak with the conviction of truth and man earnestly endeavors and endlessly tries to achieve perfection,
A country where man's power of determining right and wrong is not forced to stagnate and die like a desert stream dies in the sand, where his power of reasoning would not be choked by old, orthodox and outdated customs, habits and traditions. Where man's mind is always inspired by God to go forward and progress and achieve better thought and action. Finally, he prays to God that his country be changed from the darkness of ignorance and slavery into a heaven. "Let our country awake a free country, a heaven, a paradise."
Conclusion: Finally, in the poem the poet's message is very clear. If all the people of a nation are not wise enough to lead a happy and peaceful life free from all evils, they cannot enjoy their freedom well. So to the poet, only political freedom is not so important unless you are fearless self-dignified, knowledgeable, truthful, hard-working and broad minded enough to enjoy it fully.
VIDEO LINK: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSXSHDBy7gc&t=1s
OR
Unit:3- Sonnets are Full of Love -Christina Rossetti
About the
poet: Christina Rossetti (1830-1894) is an English writer belongs to Romantic
age and Pre Raphaelite movement. She was a sister of the artist and poet Dante
Gabriel Rossetti. Rossetti was educated at home by her parents, and her mother
in particular had a strong role to pay in her development as a writer. It's
said that before she had even learned to write, Rossetti had dictated her first
story to her mother. “Goblin Market" is her famous poem.
Back ground of the poem: Sonnet is a 14 line poem. She
wrote various sonnets addressed to her mother. The poem is written after her
mother’s 80th birthday and dedicated to her mother. Here, Rossetti
focuses on the first Love' in her life, her mother.
Summary: Cristina Rossetti is the speaker of the poem. She begins the poem
by saying that she had written many sonnets about her mother. She also states
that she is going to write one more poem in honor of her. This poem is about
her first love towards her mother. She says that her mother is her “first Love”,
She says that this poem is for my mother, the first and foremost of my angels.
She says
that my heart is home for my mother. She thanks her mother for teaching the
knowledge of the world. She troubled her mother to learn love lore by sitting
on the knee but her mother taught with any troublesome. She compares her mother
to the loadstar which shows directions to navigators. Her mother always gave
guidance and helped her to find right direction.
Now she has
woven a wreath of songs to crown her. She says that even after fourscore
(Eighty) years her love was not decreased. Finally she says that she can even overcome
the death with her blessings.
VIDEO LINK: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g2jispcvXMw
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Question No.IV (Annotation from Prose) Attempt A or B
Model Annotation:
Annotate the line "Tolerance is a Moral Virtue".
Introduction: The line is taken from "Tolerance is a moral virture" written by Rivka T. Witenberg (Ph.D.). She is a researcher and a writer. Professionally she is a developmental and cognitive psychologist who studies the social and moral aspects of tolerance to human diversity. She is the author of “Tolerance: The Glue That Binds Us (2017”) and "The psychology of Tolerance(2019)".
Context: Tolerance is accepting the things or people “as it is” without any discrimination. Tolerance is necessary for achieving the unity. It is something related to empathy and moral values. The author opines that some degree of tolerance is mandatory and it should not be beyond legality and social evils such as child marriages and terrorist activities.
Explanation: Man is a social animal. We are depended on many things (we need water, air, food, shelter, company of others etc.,). In India, though we have different cultures, races, castes, customs, religions, traditions and languages, we are one. This oneness is achieved with tolerance. Without Tolerance, we cannot understand the others and achieve unity. We can say, Tolerance is accepting the things or people “as it is” without any discrimination. Tolerance is linked with respect, equality and liberty. For example, you will continue your friendship with one of your friends who always commit mistakes (not harmful), because you are tolerant to his/her mistakes.
Rivka. T.Witenberg says that tolerance is well related with morality. This idea of Tolerance as moral virtue has been popularized by philosophers such as John Locke, J.S.Mill, Baruch Spinoza and others. Tolerance is a moral duty between individuals irrespective of caste, color and creed. The mutual respect and values are possible with tolerance. Tolerance solves the conflicts. This moral view offers a positive approach to understanding the relationship of each other group of people of different nature placed together.
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Question No.V (Annotation from Poetry) - Attempt A or B
Explanation: A little stone rambles from one place to another place without any goal. It doesn’t care about career. No stone wanted to become an officer or entrepreneur or earn money in life. Though they do not have any goal, they are happy. We the humans are obsessed with material world and we set goals every day and yet we are unhappy. It states that people should be happy just being who they are. We must enjoy the time we have on this amazing world. Stone don’t face any emergencies, it does not fear for anything. In-fact no species on earth is afraid of another species of its kind, but we humans are afraid of other humans in the name of war, power, oppression, and corruption.
All stones are similar in color (elemental brown), but humans have many colors such power, racism, color, creed, religion and many other beliefs. As a chameleon, we often changes our colors (we fight, cheat, steal, kill, harass). We are always dependent on others, but the stone is independent as the Sun. We can’t live alone. We are living in groups, but we always fight. The stone follows the duties assigned to it, not more than that. As a stone, we are also created to follow the law of god or nature.
The author concludes that the stones are happy because they don’t have life goals, they never fear in emergencies, they don’t change colors and they follow the rules of universe. But, we feel our life stressed; we always fear; we change our colors; we don’t obey the rules of the world; that is the reason, we are so unhappy.
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Note:
Steps to write an annotation:
Introduction: Write about the lines,
name of the lesson from which these
lines are taken,
about author,
background if any
Context: Explain the context in which these
lines were spoken/written.
Who said these lines?
To whom?
Explanation:
Explain
the meaning of the lines
Write the summary of the lesson you have learnt
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