Origin of English Language

 Origin of English Language and Origin of UK or Great Britain

CRASJV -N- WSI. 

 Celts -Romans - Angles - Saxons- Jutes- Vikings- Norman- Wales - Scotland- Ireland.

Origin: 

-English language belongs to Indo European Group.

-It is a West Germanic language.

-Indo European Group (IEG) has many branches & language groups they are Salvic, Baltic, Celtic, Romance, Endo Iranian. etc.

Note:

• Telugu is Dravidian 

• Hindi is Indo Aryan

• Sanskrit is Indo Iranian.

• English is West Germanic (Indo European).

Three Ages:

1.Old English: (Anglo Saxon) - upto 1066

2.Middle English:- upto 15th Century) 

3. Modem English: After 15th Century.

I.Old English (upto 1066): 

upto 43 AD: Celtic language

- Western Europe was inhabitated by Celts, They are known as Galli (in France), Gaels (in Ireland), Celts (in England). 

-It is spelt as Selts or Kelts (a branch of IEG)

-Celtic lg. Words: shirt, skirt, be, strong, water

43 AD: Latin Influence

-Romans occupied Britain, brought their ly latin. 

-under the Roman Rule British were converted to Christianity. i.e, Romanized. 

-they gave name Britannia (Latin name), earlier name for them was Albion (white people).

5th Century AD: Anglo Saxon(old English) Influence 

 - Angles (Hook men), Saxons (Sword Men) & Jutes (Commonly Anglo Saxons) invaded from south of Denmark.

-They pushed celts to West & North, ie, Wales, Scotland & Ireland.

-Their land Angla land→ Engole Land→ England. 

-The 4 dialects North Umbrian, Mercian, West saxon and Kentish merged and became old English

9th Century AD: Scandivanian Influence 

- Vikings (of Scandivania), Danes (of Denmark) invaded

 -They destroyed North Umbrian school & Literature 

- English Prose began under King Alfred (848-901)

II. Middle English (upto 14th Centry).

1066 AD: French Influence 

-Norman Conquest: French invaded under the leadership of William, Duke of Normandy.

- Normandy= Northmen (Northern France)

-They brought their language Anglo Norman (old French) 

-Normans are originally from scandinavia, settled in France 

- Anglo Saxon + Anglo Norman= Middle English

-Lower class spoke English.

-Upper Class Spoke French.

- With the beginning of the Renaissance, Middle English emerged as Modern English. 

- Shakespeare used it in Love's Labour Last (Though Holofernus character)

III. Modern English (After 15th century)

1536 AD: Welsh 

-Wales joined during the reign of Henry VIII

-England became Kingdom of England & Wales".

1707 AD: Scott

Scotland joined, during the reign of Queen Anne 

-It became Kingdom of Great Britain'.

 Jan, 1st, 1801AD: irish

-Ireland joined by Act of Union 1800.

 -It became "United Kingdom of Great Britain & Ireland"

-Eire or Southern Ireland left the union.

1922 AD: 

-Eire or or Southern Ireland left the union.

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Note:

Are UK and Great Britain one and same?

Great Britain = England + Wales + Scotland.

 UK=Great Britain +Northern Ireland

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Bruce is the national poem of scotland - By John Barbour. 

Chanson De Roland - is the national poem of France